Spreadsheets

A spreadsheet is a GPP used to hold data/information and perform calculations using formulas.

A spreadsheet is made up of cells organised into Columns (Up and Doon!) and Rows ("along the way" left to right)

Simple Formulas

= A3 * B3
= A3 / B3
= A3 + b2 + b6
= a3 - b2

Functions

= sum(B1:b5) - adds up the range of cells B1 to B5
= max(b2:d7) - selects the highest number(!) from range of cells
= min(D3:d8) - selects the lowest number
= average(D4:d8) - calculates the average number from the range

= if(TEST, TRUE, FALSE)
=if(D3>10, "Yes", "No")
=if(D3>10, "Yes", if(D3<=10, "Maybe", "No"))

Replication - means copying (formulas!) and there are two types

Absolute - uses dollar symbols and the formula doesn't change when replicated
e.g $B$9 - stays $B$9 when replicated

Relative - changes to suit the new cells (the cell references update for new cells)
e.g B9 * C9 replicated down a column changes to C9 * D9

We can change the attributes of cells to - currency, percentage, decimals etc and change how many decimals it displays

Cell Protection - allows us lock cells and stop them being changed
highlight all the cells
right click choose format, cells, protection and unchecked locked
highlight the important cells
right click choose format, cells, protection and checked locked
then choose format, cells, protection and protect sheet

We can highlight and sort data in our spreadsheet
To get something in alphabetical order we could sort in Ascending Order
To get something in reverse order of age we could sort in Descending Order

To only print a specific piece from a spreadsheet we could SET THE PRINT AREA

Spreadsheets also allow us to make charts to visualise and compare information really quickly

Charts can be Fully Labelled - with these 4 labels, Title, X Axis, Y Axis and Key

Spreadsheets

Spreadsheets is an example of a GPP which is used for calculations

A spreadsheet is made up of small boxes called cells

We can insert 3 things into these - Number, Formulas and Text

A Horizontal "Range" of cells is called a Row

A Vertical "Range" of cells is called a Column

5 functions which we can enter into a cell are

= average
= max
= min
= sum
= IF!

We can replicate formulas into other cells - replicate means COPY!

Two types of replication are Relative Referencing and Absolute Referencing!

Merge Ahead!

What are the main steps in a mail merge operation!?

1. Create a Standard Letter

2. Create a Database of Personal Information

3. Insert the Merge Fields

4. Merge the Letter and Database

What is a Standard Letter?

a standard letter is a letter with no personal information!

A Lot!

Integrated Packages

several GPPS in the one package (2 or more)

Advantages
* same HCI
* can have multiple documents/windows open at same time
* link between tasks/easy to transfer data between packages
* costs less than buying all seperate GPPS

Disadvantages
* don't get all the features

Standard Paragraph

bibliography - write a piece of text and you can insert into another file/document
dont need to retype etc

Text Wrap
when it automaticlly wraps text around images

Word Wrap

automatically takes a new line at the end of page


Search and Replace

can choose a word and replace it with any other word (he to she!)

OCR

Optical Character Recognition - Scanner, it recognises the letters

Grammar Check

checks the grammar of text - punctuation, double spaces

Its not Harry Potter

Wizards - used for installing games etc ...

used to help us through the process of doing something, creating a document (chart in spreadsheet) installing a program

Template

a "blank" document already made with placeholders to store what we want (title, subheading, chart, video etc)

Spell Check Online!

How does a Spell Checker work?

It has its own built in dictionary and underlines misspelt words in red. It checks to see if each word you type is in the dictionary, if not it underlines in red. You can choose to ignore words, change to word to a suggestion or add the word to the dictionary.

Spell Check sometimes makes mistakes because it doesnt recognise peoples names, surnames etc etc

What is the difference between on-line help and on-line tutorial?

Help gives you written instructions that you read and follow (good for experienced users)
Tutorial shows you what to do, a step by step guide, a series of guided lessons. (good for beginners)

Data Linkage and a Scanner!

Static and Dynamic

Static!? - data is seperate, there is no link
"when you copy a file, e.g a spreadsheet and change the original ....

The Copy will NOT change!"


Dyanamic - data is linked
"when you copy a file, e.g a spreadsheet and change the original ....

The Copy WILL change!"

OCR!? - Optical Character Recognition
Hardware? - Scanner
Software? - OCR Software

This allows us to scan a hard copy of a file and it picks up the text (recognises text) and you can edit it!

Saves you re-typing!

The Acts

Freedom of Information Act

Copyright, Designs and Patents Act

*if you download pictures, DVDS, movies, songs, music, without permission or paying for it

Computer Misuse Act

*Hacking and Viruses

Data Protection Act
Data Subject - person who the info. is about
Data Controller - person who holds info.
Data Commissioner - got to register with him first
Data User - person who will access info

Data Subject Rights

1. to see info (not always)
2. compensation if the act is broken


Companies must ....
1. accurate, up to date, correct
2. keep it for no longer than necessary
3. take measures for security

WIMP/GPP/HCI

WIMP

Windows Icons Menus Pointer - The interface we use to communicate with the computer GUI!

HCI
Human Computer Interface

GPP

General Purpose Package
multi purpose, can use it to do more than one task (could write a letter in Spreadsheet!)

Databases
Spreadsheets
Word Processing
Expert System
Graphics
Web Page Design
Presentation

OS - Operating System

Several Jobs the Mummy OS does are ....


Reports Errors
Schedules Tasks (Anti Virus Check, Updates)
Controls Security
Controls where items are saved into memory
Organises Input and Output Devices

Yesterday! Types of Access

Sequential and Random/Direct Access

Seq. you must go through all memory locations in turn til you find the one you require (Britney Spears tape Lucky Track 9!)

Random/Direct can skip to the memory location you need instantly! (Britney CD!)

MAIN MEMORY

There are two types of main memory

RAM & ROM

Random Access Memory

Read Only Memory

RAM is temporary - when the power is turned off it is erased/reset.

ROM is permanent - used to store important information/programs permanently.

Welcome to 3F 2010 Blog

Lesson 1 - the 5 box diagram

Processor - The Brain of the Computer System, make decisions

Input Devices - mouse, keyboard, webcam, controllers, scanner, touch screen, microphone, camera

Output Devices - monitor, projector, speakers, printer, headphones.